Dryopteris (Wood Ferns)

Dryopteris, commonly known as wood ferns, thrive in shady, damp environments. These hardy perennials offer shelter for small invertebrates and ground-nesting insects. Their dense fronds create microhabitats that support biodiversity in UK woodlands and gardens.

Birds often use dried Dryopteris fronds as nesting material. The plants also host larvae of certain moth species, providing a food source for insectivorous wildlife. Their deep root systems help stabilise soil, reducing erosion in shaded areas.

Wood ferns adapt well to British climates, requiring minimal maintenance once established. They suit woodland gardens, shady borders, or naturalised planting schemes. Their architectural foliage adds texture year-round, even in winter when many other plants die back.