Typha (Bulrushes)

Bulrushes form the backbone of healthy wetland ecosystems, offering year-round wildlife value. Its tall, sturdy stems provide nesting sites for reed warblers and moorhens, while the dense stands shelter frogs, water voles and hunting grounds for herons. The fluffy seedheads disperse on autumn winds, feeding goldfinches and providing nest-lining material. Below water, the rhizomes create nurseries for fish fry and dragonfly larvae, while filtering pollutants to improve water quality. Though vigorous, Typha's architectural form and habitat value make it ideal for large ponds or naturalised wetlands, a true ecosystem engineer that supports entire food chains.