
Crocus
Crocus species are vital early-spring lifelines for pollinators, for example Crocus tommasinianus provides pollen for awakening queen bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) and honeybees (Apis mellifera). Their purple and yellow blooms (February – March) are specially adapted to attract bees with UV-reflective patterns. Squirrels and birds like blackbirds (Turdus merula) occasionally forage their corms. Planted en masse in lawns or borders, crocuses naturalise readily, offering urban pollinators critical fuel after winter. Some also support the ivy bee (Colletes hederae), bridging seasonal gaps in forage.