Nasturtium officinale, known commonly as watercress, is a rapid-growing aquatic perennial valued for its crisp texture and peppery taste. It grows to about 20 centimetres tall and spreads through floating and submerged stems that root wherever they touch damp ground or shallow water. The foliage displays glossy, rounded, wavy-edged leaves of deep green. From late spring through midsummer, clusters of small white flowers rise above the leaves, drawing hoverflies and bees in abundance.

Growing Conditions

Watercress prospers where moisture never fails. It flourishes beside streams, in shallow ponds, or within containers kept evenly watered. Partial shade suits it best, though it tolerates full sunlight if the roots remain cool and wet. Indoors, a bowl or tray with a few centimetres of fresh water allows continuous growth. Replace the water regularly to prevent stagnation. A loose, loamy compost rich in organic matter encourages sturdy stems and vivid colour.

Care and Maintenance

Frequent trimming of older shoots stimulates new growth and keeps the plant neat. Remove faded foliage to preserve clean water. Outdoors, it can form dense mats that provide cover for amphibians and aquatic insects. The species adapts well to both indoor and garden settings, giving edible leaves through the warmer months. Regular harvesting maintains compact shape and prolongs yield.

Environmental Benefits

Nasturtium officinale supports biodiversity by supplying nectar for early pollinators. Its lush greenery improves small aquatic ecosystems, helping to stabilise water quality and create balance for nearby wildlife. Whether grown in a garden pond or an indoor dish, watercress contributes freshness, vitality, and ecological value.